Solenoid and the Toroid – Class 12 | Chapter – 4 | Physics Short Notes Series PDF for NEET & JEE

Solenoid and the Toroid: Solenoid and the Toroid are widely used in various applications, such as transformers, inductors, and magnetic field sensors. They are particularly useful because they can generate strong magnetic fields with relatively small currents. Additionally, they are relatively simple and cheap to produce, making them widely used in many applications.

Solenoid and the Toroid

A solenoid is a type of electromagnet that consists of a cylindrical coil of wire through which a current is passed. When current is passed through the wire, a magnetic field is generated that is roughly uniform and directed along the axis of the coil. The magnetic field produced by a solenoid is proportional to the number of turns in the coil and the current passing through the wire.

A toroid, on the other hand, is a ring-shaped coil of wire that is wound into a circular shape. When a current is passed through the wire, a magnetic field is generated that is roughly uniform and directed along the axis of the toroid. The magnetic field produced by a toroid is proportional to the number of turns in the wire and the current passing through it.

Importance of Solenoid and the Toroid

Solenoid and the Toroid are important components in many different applications due to their unique magnetic field characteristics. Some of the key uses and benefits of solenoids and toroids include:

  • Electromagnets: Solenoids and the toroids are often used as the core component of electromagnets, which are used in many applications, such as electric motors, generators, and magnetic locks.
  • Transformers: Solenoids and the toroids are widely used as the core component of transformers, which are used to convert electrical energy from one voltage level to another.
  • Inductors: Solenoids and toroids are often used as inductors in electrical circuits, which are used to store energy in a magnetic field and release it as electrical energy.
  • Magnetic field sensors: Solenoids and toroids are used as magnetic field sensors in many applications, such as detecting the presence of magnetic materials or measuring the strength of magnetic fields.
  • Medical applications: Solenoids and toroids are used in medical applications, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) machines, where they generate strong magnetic fields that are used to image the body’s internal structure.
  • Research: Solenoids and toroids are also used in research and development, where they are used to generate and study magnetic fields.

Differences between Solenoid and the Toroid

Solenoid Toroid
  • The shape of the solenoid is cylindrical
  • The shape of the toroid is circular
  • The formation of the magnetic field is outside the solenoid
  • The formation of the magnetic field is within the toroid
  • The magnetic field inside the solenoid is uniform
  • The magnetic field inside the toroid is non-uniform
  • The magnetic field is given as: B = μonl
  • The magnetic field is given as: B = μNl/2πr

Similarities between Solenoid and the Toroid

Solenoids and the toroids are both types of electromagnetic devices, and they have several similarities:

  • Both solenoids and the toroids produce magnetic fields when an electric current flows through them.
  • The magnetic fields produced by solenoids and toroids can be used for a variety of applications, such as controlling the flow of electricity in electrical devices, generating magnetic fields for medical imaging and scientific experiments, and providing the magnetic fields for motors and generators.
  • Both solenoids and toroids are made from conductive materials, such as copper or iron, and are wound with wire to form the magnetic core.
  • Solenoids and toroids can be designed to have different properties, such as the strength of the magnetic field they produce, their size and shape, and the amount of electrical current they can handle.
  • The magnetic field produced by solenoids and toroids is influenced by the electrical current flowing through them, the number of turns of wire in the coil, and the material used for the core.


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By Team Learning Mantras