B [Lothal]
Notes:
Lothal was one of the most prominent cities of the ancient Indus valley civilization. Located in Bhal region of the modern state of Gujarat and dating from 2400 BCE, it was discovered in 1954. Lothal was excavated from February 13, 1955 to May 19, 1960 by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI). Lothal’s dock—the world’s earliest known, connected the city to an ancient course of the Sabarmati river on the trade route between Harappan cities in Sindh and the peninsula of Saurashtra when the surrounding Kutch desert of today was a part of the Arabian Sea.It was a vital and thriving trade centre in ancient times, with its trade of beads, gems and valuable ornaments reaching the far corners of West Asia and Africa.

A [Chenab]
Notes:
Manda is located on the right bank ofChenab Riverin the foothills ofPir Panjal Range. It is considered to be the most northern site belonging to the Indus Valley Civilization. It was excavated by Archaeological Survey of India during 1976-77 by J. P. Joshi.The artifacts found from archaeological site of Manda are the Pre Harappan Red wares.

D [Planned cities]
Notes:
The Indus valley civilization was basically an urban civilization and the people lived in well-planned and well-built towns, which were also the centers for trade. The ruins of Mohenjodaro and Harappa show that these were magnificent merchant cities-well planned, scientifically laid, and well looked after. Roads in the cities were laid out along a grid pattern intersecting each other at right angles. The cities of the Indus Valley Civilisation had an advanced system of drainage. Every house was connected to the street drain.

C [Mahendravarman I]
Notes:
During the reign of Mahendravarman I (590-630) began the long drawn out struggle between the Pallavas and the Chalukyas. He was defeated by Pulakesin II and a part of his kingdom was occupied.

B [Pucca bricks]
Notes:
The Indus Valley Civilization, marked by its remarkable level of urbanization despite being a Bronze Age culture, is noted for its cities built of brick, roadside drainage system, and multistoried houses. Houses were one or two stories high, made of baked brick, with flat roofs, and were just about identical. Each was built around a courtyard, with windows overlooking the courtyard. The outside walls had no windows. Each home had its own private drinking well and its own private bathroom.