Components of Ecosystem: An ecosystem consists of biotic and abiotic components. We observe that organisms living in any ecosystem are nowhere identical, but can be categorised into species. These species provide their contribution towards an ecosystem. The example would include the number of species, number of individuals of each species and their distribution across an ecosystem.

Components of Ecosystem

The components of an ecosystem include:

• Abiotic factors: non-living physical and chemical elements, such as temperature, light, water, soil, and air.
• Biotic factors: living organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, and their interactions with each other and with abiotic factors.
• Producers: organisms, usually plants, that produce their own food through photosynthesis.
• Consumers: organisms that feed on other organisms. There are different types of consumers, including primary consumers (herbivores), secondary consumers (carnivores), and tertiary consumers (top predators).
• Decomposers: organisms, such as fungi and bacteria, that break down dead organic matter and recycle nutrients back into the ecosystem.

• Food webs: interconnected food chains that show how energy and matter flow through the ecosystem.

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By Team Learning Mantras