Types of Reproduction – Class 12 | Chapter – 1 | Short Notes Series PDF
Types of Reproduction: Reproduction is important for the survival of all living things. Without a mechanism for reproduction, life would come to an end. There are two types of reproduction to learn in elementary grades, asexual and sexual reproduction. Many teachers are afraid of discussing reproduction, but if presented as a factual lesson it is easy for the students to understand the principles without the standard giggles.
Types of Reproduction
Types of Reproduction
There are basically two types of reproduction:
- Asexual Reproduction
- Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
“Asexual reproduction refers to the type of reproduction in which only a single organism gives rise to a new individual.”
Asexual reproduction is further divided into:
- Binary Fission: In this, the cell splits into two each cell carrying a copy of the DNA from the parent cell. For eg., amoeba.
- Budding: In this, a small bud-like outgrowth gives rise to a new individual. The outgrowth remains attached to the organism until it is fully grown. It detaches itself and lives as an individual organism. For eg., hydra
- Fragmentation: In this, the parent organism splits into several parts and each part grows into a new individual. For eg., Planaria
- Sporogenesis: In this type of reproduction, a new organism grows from the spores. These can be created without fertilization and can spread through wind and animals.
Sexual Reproduction
Sexual reproduction is a natural way of reproduction in humans, animals and the majority of plants also choose to reproduce sexually. This type of reproduction is more complex and lengthy as compared to asexual reproduction. Moreover, reproducing sexually gives the benefit of variation and offsprings are unique. Sexual reproduction consists of a set of events and can be divided into three stages: Pre-fertilization, Fertilization, and Post-fertilization.
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