Triple Fusion – Class 12 | Chapter – 2 | Biology Short Notes Series PDF

Triple Fusion: Triple Fusion is the fusion of the male gamete with two polar nuclei inside the embryo sac of the angiosperm. This process of fusion takes place inside the embryo sac. When pollen grains fall on the stigma, they germinate and give rise to the pollen tube that passes through the style and enters into the ovule. After this, the pollen tube enters one of synergids and releases two male gametes there.

Out of the two male gametes, one gamete fuses with the nucleus of the egg cell and forms the zygote (syngamy). The other male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei present in the central cell to form a triploid primary endosperm nucleus. Since this process involves the fusion of three haploid nuclei, it is known as triple fusion. It results in the formation of the endosperm. One male gamete nucleus and two polar nuclei are involved in this process.

During the process of triple fusion, endosperm development of three types are noticed, which are as follows:

  • Cellular endosperm development – Example – Coconut meat
  • Nuclear endosperm development – Liquid endosperm is developed from nuclear endosperm development such as Coconut water
  • Helobial endosperm development – Monocots

Process of Triple Fusion

  • The pollen grains that fall in the stigma of a flower germinates and give rise to the pollen tube.

  • The pollen tube enters the embryo sac from the micropylar end passing through style.

  • Zygote(syngamy) is formed when one of the male gametes fuses with the egg cell.

  • The second male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei present in the central cell and forms a triploid primary endosperm nucleus.

  • Triple process is hence, the process that involves the fusion of three haploid nuclei.

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By Team Learning Mantras