Transpiration – Class 11 | Chapter – 11 | Biology Short Notes Series PDF
Transpiration: It is the process in which plants release the water inside it in the form of moisture or water vapor. Roots consume some amount of water from the soil and the rest evaporates in the atmosphere. Parts of plants such as stems, small pores on leaves, and flowers evaporate the water to the atmosphere. In other words, it is the process in which water evaporates in the atmosphere from plant leaves and other parts.
Types of Transpiration
- Stomatal: It is the evaporation of water from the stomata of the plants. Most of the water from the plants is transpired this way. The water near the surface of the leaves changes into vapour and evaporates when the stomata are open. They account for around 80 to 90% of the total water loss from the plants.
- Lenticular: It is the evaporation of water through lenticels. Lenticels are the tiny openings present on the woody bark. A minimal amount of water is lost through lenticels.
- Cuticular: It is the evaporation of water from the cuticle of the plants. The cuticle is a waxy covering on the surface of the leaves of the plants. It causes around 20% of transpiration in plants.
Factors affecting Transpiration
- Environmental factors
- temperature
- relative humidity
- wind speed etc.
- Plant factors
- the number and distribution of stomata
- Percentage of open stomata
- Water status of the plant
- The structure of canopy of the tree
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