Translocation of Solutes – Class 11 | Chapter – 12 | Biology Short Notes Series PDF

Translocation of Solutes: Translocation of solutes refers to the movement of organic food components or soluble solutes from one location to another in higher plants. These organic solutes include the soluble products of photosynthesis, amino acids and other substances. It is a process that occurs in the sieve tubes with the help of adjacent companion cells in both upwards and downwards direction.

Types of Translocation of Solutes

• Downward translocation: It is the transport of the products of photosynthesis from the leaves to the stems and roots for consumption and storage. It takes place in the sieve tubes with the help of adjacent companion cells.
• Upward translocation: It occurs primarily during the germination of seeds, tubers, and other plants. When food is stored and transformed into a soluble form, it is transferred to the young seedling’s upper growth section until it develops green leaves.
• Lateral translocation: Radical translocation of organic solutes also takes place in plants from the cells of the
  pith to cortex

Phenomenon of Translocation of Solutes

• Unlike xylem transportation, which is primarily explained by basic physical forces, phloem translocation requires ATP usage.
• Sucrose is transported into phloem tissue with the help of ATP energy. This causes the tissue’s osmotic pressure to rise, allowing water to enter.
• The substance in the phloem is moved to tissues with less pressure due to this osmotic pressure. This enables the phloem to transfer material following the needs of the plant.

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