Third Anglo Maratha War:  The Third Anglo-Maratha War was a pivotal moment in the history of British colonial rule in India, as it marked the end of a formidable indigenous power in the subcontinent. It allowed the British to consolidate their control and influence over a large part of India and paved the way for the further expansion of British colonial rule in the years that followed.

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The Third Anglo-Maratha War, which took place between 1817 and 1818, was a significant military conflict between the British East India Company and the Maratha Empire in India. This war marked the culmination of a series of Anglo-Maratha Wars and had a profound impact on the political landscape of India. Here are the key details of the Third Anglo-Maratha War:

Causes:

• The Third Anglo-Maratha War was primarily triggered by the British East India Company’s ambition to extend its influence and control over the Indian subcontinent.
• The Maratha Empire, under the leadership of Peshwa Baji Rao II, was in a state of internal conflict and political instability. The British saw an opportunity to exploit this situation and gain control over Maratha territories.

Course of the War:

• The war began in 1817 when the British, under the command of Governor-General Lord Hastings, launched a military campaign against the Marathas.
• British forces, led by notable military commanders like Generals Smith and Munro, engaged in a series of battles and campaigns against the Marathas.
• The Maratha chieftains were divided, and Peshwa Baji Rao II was forced to sign the Treaty of Poona in 1817, which effectively made him a British puppet ruler.
• While the Peshwa’s signing of the treaty effectively ended the Marathas’ resistance, some Maratha chieftains, like Appa Sahib, continued to fight against the British.

Consequences:

• The Third Anglo-Maratha War concluded in 1818 with the signing of the Treaty of Mandasor.
• Under the terms of the treaty, the British gained control over the Maratha territories. The Peshwa’s position was abolished, and he was exiled to Bithur, a town near Kanpur, under British supervision.
• The Maratha Confederacy effectively ceased to exist as a unified political entity, marking the end of Maratha independence and dominance in India.

Impact:

• The Third Anglo-Maratha War played a pivotal role in the consolidation of British colonial control over a significant portion of India. The British extended their influence across the Indian subcontinent, effectively replacing the Marathas as the predominant power.
• The war contributed to the further expansion of British colonial rule in India, as it allowed the British to exert authority and control over a large part of the Indian subcontinent.

The Third Anglo-Maratha War had far-reaching consequences for India, as it marked the end of Maratha power and the rise of British dominance in the subcontinent. It was a significant chapter in the history of British colonial rule in India.

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Download Third Anglo Maratha War Notes PDF in English

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By Team Learning Mantras