Spring wood and autumn wood – Class 11 | Chapter – 6 | Short Notes Series PDF
Spring wood and Autumn wood: In temperate regions, like Asia, central North America, etc. the climatic conditions are not uniform throughout the year and different seasons show different climates. The secondary xylem of the wood produced is different in different seasons due to the differential activity of cambial.
Spring wood or early wood
Spring woods are formed in the spring season. It is formed when nutrients are easy to access and when more cambial activity is present. It possesses more xylary elements. Xylem elements are larger and wider in spring wood. It is lighter in colour and is of low density.
Autumn wood or late wood
This wood is formed during the winter season. It is formed when the nutrients and water become scarce in the cold and the plant shows less cambial activity. The number of xylary elements in autumn wood is fewer. It possesses narrow vessels and is darker in colour with high density.
Diagram of Spring wood and Autumn wood
Difference between Spring wood and Autumn wood
| Spring wood | Autumn wood |
| It is also known as the early wood | It is also known as the late wood |
| Xylary elements grow quickly and are large in number | Fewer xylary elements |
| Xylary elements have wider vessels with thin cell walls | Xylary elements have narrow vessels |
| Appears to be lighter in colour | Appears to be darker in colour |
| Lower density | Higher density |
| Formed due to high cambium activity | Formed due to less active cambium |
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