Spermatogonia: Spermatogonia is a process of developing sperms from the immature germ cells in males. It takes place in seminiferous tubules present inside the testes. During spermatogenesis, a diploid spermatogonium (male germ cell) increases its size to form a diploid primary spermatocyte. This diploid primary spermatocyte undergoes first meiotic division (meiosis I), which is a reductional division to form two equal haploid secondary spermatocytes. Each secondary spermatocyte then undergoes second meiotic division (meiosis II) to form two equal haploid spermatids. Hence, a diploid spermatogonium produces four haploid spermatids. These spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa (sperm) by the process called spermiogenesis.

Stages of Spermatogonia

Stage 1: The Diploid spermatogonia is situated in the seminiferous tubules which include twice the total number of chromosomes. This replicates mitotically in interphase before the method of meiosis 1 to create 46 pairs of sister chromatids.

Stage 2: In this, the chromatids allow the exchange of genetic information through the synapsis process. It is done before dividing into haploid spermatocytes through meiosis.

Stage 3: In this division, the new two daughter cells will further divide into 4 spermatids, having unique chromosomes that are approximately half in number to the original spermatogonium.

Stage 4: In this stage, the cells move from the lumen of the testes to the epididymis. They get mature and developed into four sperm cells with the growth of microtubules on the centrioles to develop an axoneme. The remaining centrioles elongate and develop into sperm tail.

Process of Spermatogonia

Spermatogonia is a process of gametogenesis in males. In females, oogenesis occurs to form a mature ovum.

• The male germinal cells or spermatogonia present in seminiferous tubules undergo proliferation by mitotic division.
• Some of the spermatogonia cells undergo meiotic division and are known as Primary spermatocytes (diploid, 2n=46).
• Secondary spermatocytes (haploid, n=23) are formed after the first meiotic division of primary spermatocytes.
• Secondary spermatocytes undergo second meiotic division forming four haploid spermatids.
• Spermiogenesis- the transformation of spermatids to mature sperms or spermatozoa.
• Spermiation- The process of release of mature sperms from seminiferous tubules.

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By Team Learning Mantras