Potential Energy of a Spring – Class 11 | Chapter – 6 | Physics Short Notes Series PDF for NEET & JEE

Potential Energy of a Spring: The potential energy of a spring is the energy stored in the spring when it is stretched or compressed from its equilibrium position. This potential energy is a form of elastic potential energy, which is the energy stored in an elastic object when it is deformed.

Potential Energy of a Spring

The potential energy of a spring can be calculated using the formula:

PE = 1/2 kx²

Where,

• PE is the potential energy of the spring in joules
• k is the spring constant in newtons per meter (N/m)
• x is the displacement of the spring from its equilibrium position in meters

The spring constant, k, is a measure of the stiffness of the spring and depends on the material and shape of the spring. The displacement, x, is the distance that the spring has been stretched or compressed from its equilibrium position.

When a spring is stretched or compressed, work is done on the spring, and this work is stored as potential energy in the spring. As the spring returns to its equilibrium position, this potential energy is converted back to kinetic energy, and the spring oscillates back and forth around its equilibrium position.

Applications of Potential Energy of a Spring

The potential energy of a spring has numerous applications in physics, engineering, and everyday life. Here are some examples:

• Shock Absorbers: Shock absorbers are devices that use the potential energy of a spring to absorb shocks and vibrations. When a shock absorber is compressed, the spring is compressed, storing potential energy. As the spring returns to its original position, this potential energy is released, reducing the impact of shocks and vibrations.
• Mechanical Watches: Mechanical watches use the potential energy of a spring to keep time. The spring is wound up, storing potential energy. As the spring unwinds, this potential energy is released, driving the gears that control the movement of the watch.
• Suspension Systems: Suspension systems in vehicles use the potential energy of springs to absorb shocks and provide a smooth ride. When a vehicle hits a bump, the springs compress, storing potential energy. As the vehicle returns to its original position, this potential energy is released, reducing the impact of the bump.
• Toys: Springs are used in many toys, such as wind-up cars and jumping beans. The spring is wound up, storing potential energy. As the spring unwinds, this potential energy is released, providing the motion that powers the toy.
• Sports: The potential energy of a spring is used in many sports, such as pole vaulting and high jumping. Athletes use the potential energy of a bent pole or their own bodies to propel themselves over a high bar.

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By Team Learning Mantras