Population Growth – Class 12 | Chapter – 13 | Biology Short Notes Series PDF

Population Growth: Population growth refers to the increase in the number of individuals in a population over time. It can be influenced by a variety of factors, including birth rate, death rate, migration, and changes in age structure. Positive population growth occurs when the birth rate exceeds the death rate, while negative population growth occurs when the opposite is true. Population growth can have important economic, social, and environmental consequences, both at the local and global level.

Factors Influencing Fluctuation in Population Growth

There are several factors that can influence fluctuations in population:

• Birth rate: The number of births per unit of time in a population is a key factor in population growth.
• Death rate: The number of deaths per unit of time in a population is another key factor.
• Migration: Movement of individuals into or out of a population can also impact population size.
• Age structure: Changes in the age distribution of a population can influence population growth, as some age groups have higher birth and death rates than others.
• Health: The overall health and mortality rates of a population can impact population growth.
• War, conflict and disaster: These events can lead to increased mortality and displacement of individuals, affecting population size.
• Economic factors: Economic conditions, such as employment and income levels, can impact birth and migration rates and therefore affect population growth.

• Cultural and social factors: Attitudes and norms regarding family size, marriage, and childbearing can also impact population growth.

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By Team Learning Mantras