Pollution – Class 12 | Chapter – 16 | Biology Short Notes Series PDF

Pollution: Pollution is known as the contaminants introduced in our nature which has an adverse change in the natural environment and the living organism. Those substances that act as contaminants are called pollutants, e.g., smoke, dust, high level of noise, excess heat and light, garbage, etc. Pollution is one of the major environmental issues.

It is obvious that if our environment gets polluted, then that would affect the living organism on Earth. Many aquatic animals have lost their existence because of the pollution in water bodies, forest animals are heading towards the endangered zone, and most importantly, we human beings are getting different types of disease and we are suffering from health related issues.

Modernization is not the only cause of pollution since illiteracy and lack of awareness may also result in practices that lead to pollution. For example, you can think of the smoke coming out of huge chimneys of factories and enormous amounts of waste material getting dumped into rivers.

People in villages who unfortunately don’t have enough knowledge regarding global warming and climate change tend to be more careless. Certain practises followed by them also increase pollution like in certain parts of Indian rural areas, cooking is done by wood and fire also known as indoor air pollution, small ponds or lakes are being filled with waste, and unnecessarily burning of garbage.

Types of Pollution

Pollution can be caused by both nature itself or human behaviour. Based on the cause and effect of pollution, it is mainly divided into four parts:

• Air Pollution
• Water Pollution
• Soil Pollution
• Noise Pollution

Other types of pollution are thermal pollution, radioactive pollution, and light pollution. They do not exist in a large amount as compared to the four main types. Radioactive pollution is considered as the deadliest type and it gets evolved from nuclear testing, nuclear explosion, etc.

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By Team Learning Mantras