Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance – Class 12 | Chapter – 9 | Biology Short Notes Series PDF
Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance: The genetic ability of a plant to prevent pathogens from causing diseases is known as Resistance. Dependence on chemicals is reduced when crops develop resistance to diseases which leads to more production.
Methods of Breeding for Disease Resistance
- Conventional breeding method
It is a 4 step process:
- Germplasm is screened and selected
- Hybrid cross of plants selected
- Evaluation after Selection of hybrids
- Release of new variants in the market after Testing
Disadvantage → Disease resistant genes are less in number
Some of the variants developed through Conventional breeding method:
| Crop Plant | Variant | Disease Resistance |
| Brassica | Pusa Swarnim (Karan rai) | White rust |
| Cauliflower | Pusa Shubhra, Pusa Snowball K-1 | Black rot, curl bight black rot |
| Chilli | Pusa Sadabahar | Leaf curl, tobacco mosaic virus, Chilly mosaic virus |
| Cowpea | Pusa Komal | Bacterial blight |
| Wheat | Himgiri | Hill bunt, Leaf and stripe rust |
- Mutation breeding
- A phenomenon where genetic variation is done through altering the base sequences in genes creating a new characteristic or trait which was not there in the parent generation.
- This process is done by breeding through mutations induced artificially using radiation and chemicals.
- It is a 3 step process
- Mutations are induced
- Selecting plants based upon resistance
- Selected plant is multiplied and bred
- Mutations were used to introduce resistance in moong bean for the yellow mosaic virus and powdery mildew.
- Also in Abelmoschus esculentus, (Bhindi) resistance to the yellow mosaic virus was possible by the introduction of a wild species Parbani Kranti.
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