Packaging of DNA Helix: The DNA structure was proposed by Watson and Crick. According to them, the DNA is a double-helical structure with two polynucleotide strands running anti-parallel to each other. This double helix is negatively charged due to the presence of phosphate groups in the DNA backbone. The cell makes histone proteins that bind the DNA to counterbalance the negative charge. These histone proteins are involved in Packaging of DNA Helix.
Histone proteins play essential structural and functional roles in the transition between active and inactive chromatin states. Although histones have a high degree of conservation due to constraints to maintain the overall structure of the nucleosomal octameric core, variants have evolved to assume diverse roles in gene regulation and epigenetic silencing. Histone variants, post-translational modifications and interactions with chromatin remodeling complexes influence DMA replication, transcription, repair and recombination. The authors review recent findings on the structure of chromatin that confirm previous interparticle interactions observed in crystal structures.
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