Nernst Equation: The Nernst equation is a mathematical equation that relates the electrochemical potential of a half-cell to the concentration of its constituent ions. The equation is named after Walther Nernst, a German physical chemist who derived the equation in 1889.
The Nernst equation is used to calculate the electrochemical potential of a half-cell under non-standard conditions, i.e., when the concentrations of the ions in the half-cell are not at their standard state. The equation can be used to calculate the potential of a cell in which two half-cells are connected through a salt bridge or porous membrane, such as in a galvanic cell. The Nernst equation is an important tool in electrochemistry and is used to design and optimize electrochemical systems, including batteries, fuel cells, and sensors. The Nernst equation is given by:
E = E° – (RT/nF) * ln(Q)
where:
The Nernst equation is a fundamental tool in electrochemistry, and it has numerous applications in various fields, including:
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