Motion in a Straight Line – Class 11 | Chapter – 3 | Physics Short Notes Series PDF for NEET & JEE

Motion in a Straight Line: Motion in a straight line refers to the movement of an object in a straight line or one-dimensional space. It is a fundamental concept in physics and is often used as a starting point for studying more complex motions. In motion in a straight line, the object moves along a straight path and its position is defined by a single coordinate, typically denoted as x. The motion can be described using various parameters such as displacement, velocity, acceleration, and time.

Types of Motion in a Straight Line

There are mainly three types of motion in a straight line: uniform motion, uniformly accelerated motion, and non-uniform motion.

  • Uniform Motion: In uniform motion, an object moves with a constant velocity, i.e., its speed and direction remain constant. For example, a car moving at a constant speed of 50 km/hr on a straight road is an example of uniform motion.
  • Uniformly Accelerated Motion: In uniformly accelerated motion, an object moves with a constant acceleration. This means that the object’s velocity changes by the same amount in each unit of time. A freely falling object near the Earth’s surface is an example of uniformly accelerated motion, as its acceleration due to gravity is constant.
  • Non-Uniform Motion: In non-uniform motion, an object’s velocity changes irregularly with time. This can occur due to various factors, such as changes in the object’s speed or direction of motion, or due to the presence of external forces acting on the object. For example, a car moving on a curved road or a ball bouncing on the ground are examples of non-uniform motion.

Formulas of Motion in a Straight Line

Following are the formulas of motion in a straight line:

v= u + at 
s = ut + 1/2 at2
v2 = u2 + 2as

 


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