Linkage and Recombination: Linkage and recombination are phenomena that describe the inheritance of genes. A linkage is a phenomenon where two or more linked genes are always inherited together in the same combination for more than two generations. The recombination frequency of the test cross progeny is always lower than 50%. Therefore, if any two genes are completely linked, their recombination frequency is almost 0%. The phenomenon of linkage was studied by the scientist T.H. Morgan using the common fruit fly or Drosophila melanogaster.
He chose fruit flies or Drosophila melanogaster due to the reasons mentioned below.
Genetic linkage is the tendency of genes located close together on a chromosome to be inherited together. This is because the genes are usually passed on to the next generation as a unit. This is due to the physical proximity of the genes on the chromosome.
Recombination is the process of genes swapping places on a chromosome. Recombination can occur as a result of crossing over, which is when the two strands of a chromosome briefly cross over each other.
Linkages can be classified into two types established on the absence or presence of non-parental combinations or new combinations, namely:
There are three types of Recombination:
Homologous Recombination: This type arises between DNA molecules with comparable sequences, as the name implies. During meiosis, the cells undergo widespread recombination.
Nonhomologous Recombination: This form of interaction happens between DNA molecules that aren’t necessarily related. There will often be some degree of sequence similarity, but it will not be as clear as it would be in homologous recombinations.
Site-specific Recombination: This can be seen between specific, extremely short sequences that are frequently similar.
Linkage | Recombination |
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