Leucocytes or White Blood Cells: White blood cells are also called leukocytes or leucocytes. They are cells of the immune system, which is mainly responsible for:
There are three different types of White Blood Cells:
Granulocytes are a type of immune cell that contains small particles called granules which also contain enzymes that are released when we have allergies, infections, and also asthma. They are subdivided into three types:
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Basophil matures in the bone marrow and circulates in the peripheral as mature cells.
Characteristics | Basophils | Eosinophils | Neutrophils |
Role | Helps to diagnose autoimmune disease or blood-related disorders | Helps to fight against allergies and diseases | Provide an immune response against any foreign particle attack |
Nucleus | Multi-lobed nucleus | Bean-shaped nucleus | Two or bilobed nucleus |
Life span | Life span is about 60–70 hours | Life span is about 8–12 hours | Life span is about 5– to 90 hours |
Size | Diameter is of 10–14 micrometres | Diameter is about 12–17 micrometres | Diametre is about 8.86 micrometres |
Disorders | Hypothyroidism | Leukopenia (low level) and Eosinophilia (high level) | Leukocytosis (high level) and Neutropenia (low level) |
The lymphocytes are further divided into three types:
B cells: The B cells are also referred to as B lymphocytes, which produce antibodies in the immune system.
T Cells: The T cells are also referred to as T lymphocytes, which helps to recognize and remove the infection-causing pathogens.
Natural Killer Cells: These cells are responsible for attacking and killing the pathogens, it also kills cancerous cells.
Characteristics | B Cells | T Cells |
Site of maturation | It originates and matures in the bone marrow. | It originates in the bone marrow and matures in the thymus. |
Also called | B lymphocytes. | T lymphocytes. |
Position | Present outside the lymph nodes. | Present inside the lymph nodes. |
Life span | Shorter life span. | Larger life span compared to B cells. |
Monocytes make up around 2–8% of the WBC, which helps to fight against chronic infections.
The White Blood Cells normal range is based on age.
Age | Normal Range (Per Cubic Millimetre) |
Newborn | 13,000–38,000 |
2-week-old baby | 5,000–28,000 |
Adult | 4,500–11,000 |
Agranulocytes
Agranulocytes do not have granules in the cytoplasm. There are two subtypes of agranulocytes:
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
If the WBC count increases in the body, then it may lead to the disease leukocytosis. Below are the medical conditions indicated dues to high white blood cell count:
Asthma attack
Heart attack
Rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases
Leukaemia
If the human body is producing lower numbers of WBC, it leads to a disease called leukopenia.
Conditions for leukopenia are as follows:
Bone marrow disorders
Vitamin B-12 deficiency
Autoimmune conditions, HIV
JOIN OUR TELEGRAM CHANNELS | ||
Biology Quiz & Notes | Physics Quiz & Notes | Chemistry Quiz & Notes |
By Team Learning Mantras
TNPSC Civil Services Exam Notification: The Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission (TNPSC) has Announced Notification…
Best Books for RRB Technician Exam: The Railway Recruitment Board conducts the RRB Technician Exams.…
RRB Technician Result: The Railway Recruitment Board announces the RRB Technician Result within a month…
RRB Technician Admit Card: The Railway Technician Admit Card will be released by the Railway…
RRB Technician Salary: The RRB Technician Grade Pay is 1900 and Basic pay is 19900+HRA…
RRB Technician Study Materials: The Railway Recruitment Board conducts the RRB Technician Exams. Government of India,…
This website uses cookies.