Drift of Electrons and Origin of Resistivity – Class 12 | Chapter – 3 | Physics Short Notes Series PDF for NEET & JEE

Drift of Electrons and Origin of Resistivity: The drift of electrons in a conductor is the movement of electrons in response to an applied electric field. The electric field creates a force on the electrons, causing them to move and carry electric charge. The rate of movement of the electrons is proportional to the strength of the electric field and the conductivity of the material.

Resistivity is a property of materials that determines the opposition to the flow of electric current. The resistivity of a material is a measure of its resistance to the flow of electric current, and it is influenced by several factors, including the type of material, its temperature, and the presence of impurities or defects.

Drift of Electrons and Origin of Resistivity

The origin of resistivity is related to the interaction between the electric field and the electrons within the material. As electrons move through a material, they collide with other electrons, atoms, and impurities, causing them to lose energy and slowing down their movement. This interaction between the electric field and the electrons creates resistance to the flow of electric current, and is the origin of resistivity.

The resistivity of a material can be expressed mathematically as the ratio of the electric potential difference applied across the material to the resulting electric current. The unit of resistivity is Ohm-meter (Ω-m), and it is an intrinsic property of the material, meaning that it is determined by the material’s atomic structure and does not change with time or with the application of an external field.

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By Team Learning Mantras