Diseases Caused by Virus: A virus is a tiny infectious agent that can cause disease in animals and humans. Viruses are not considered living organisms because they lack the ability to reproduce on their own and require a host cell to do so.

Viruses consist of genetic material (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat called a capsid. Some viruses also have an outer envelope made of lipids. When a virus infects a host cell, it uses the host’s cellular machinery to replicate itself. This can lead to the production of many new virus particles, which can then infect other cells and cause disease.

Viruses can cause a wide range of illnesses, from minor infections like the common cold to serious diseases such as HIV/AIDS, Ebola, and SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19).

Diseases Caused by Virus

Viruses can cause a wide range of diseases in humans and animals. Some of the most common viral diseases include:

• The common cold: caused by a group of viruses including rhinoviruses, coronaviruses, and adenoviruses. Symptoms include runny nose, sore throat, and cough.
• Influenza (flu): caused by the influenza virus, which spreads through the air or through contact with contaminated surfaces. Symptoms include fever, muscle aches, and fatigue.
• COVID-19: caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which spreads through respiratory droplets when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. Symptoms include fever, cough, and difficulty breathing.
• HIV/AIDS: caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which attacks the immune system, making the body vulnerable to other infections and diseases.
• Chickenpox: caused by the varicella-zoster virus, which is highly contagious and spreads through the air or through direct contact with the blister fluid from a chickenpox lesion.
• Hepatitis B and C: caused by the hepatitis B and C viruses, which attack the liver and can cause liver damage, liver cancer, and liver failure.
• Measles: caused by the measles virus, which spreads through the air when an infected person talks, coughs, or sneezes. Measles can cause rash, fever, and conjunctivitis.

• Herpes simplex: caused by the herpes simplex virus, which can cause genital herpes, cold sores, and fever blisters.

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By Team Learning Mantras