Differentiation Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation – Class 11 | Chapter – 15 | Biology Short Notes Series PDF

Differentiation Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation: Plant growth requires a sufficient amount of essential elements like oxygen, water, and nutrients. Enlargement and development of plant cells require water. At the same time, oxygen leads to the release of metabolic energy that is essential for growth activities. Lastly, nutrients act as an energy source and help plants with protoplasm.

Differentiation Dedifferentiation and Redifferentiation

Differentiation :  Differentiationis the process of cells becoming more specialized as they mature. For example, a stem cell may become a muscle cell, a blood cell, or a nerve cell.

Dedifferentiation : Dedifferentiation is the regaining of the capacity to divide by differentiated cells in a particular part of the plant body. It allows a part of the plant to produce new cells. Therefore, differentiated cells generally undergo dedifferentiation preliminary to major physiological or structural change. During dedifferentiation, functional forms of the cells revert to their early developmental stages. Hence, in plants, dedifferentiated cells serve as different forms of meristematic tissue including interfascicular vascular cambium, cork cambium, and wound meristem. 

Redifferentiation  : Redifferentiation is the loss of the regained capacity to divide by differentiated cells. It allows differentiated cells to serve as functionally-specialized cells in the plant body. Generally, after preparing the plant body for physiological or structural change by dedifferentiation, the subjected differentiated cells revert to the redifferentiated form, performing a specific function. 

Basis of Difference Dedifferentiation Redifferentiation
Definition Dedifferentiation is the process that mature cells reverse their state of differentiation and acquire pluripotentiality. Redifferentiation is the process where dedifferentiated cells lose the power of division and become specialized to perform a function by converting into a part of the permanent tissue.
Outcome Cells regain the capacity of further division by dedifferentiation. Capacity for further differentiation is lost in new cells due to redifferentiation.
New Cells New cells formed by dedifferentiation act as meristems for further differentiation. Redifferentiated cells give rise to secondary structures which carry out specific essential functions.
Examples Cork cambium and inter-fascicular cambium are examples of dedifferentiated tissues. Secondary xylem, secondary phloem and phelloderm tissue are examples for redifferentiated tissues.

 


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