Difference between Cell Wall and Cell Membrane: One of the fundamental differences between the plasma membrane and the cell wall is in the type of organisms that they are found. The cell wall is present only in plants and the cell membrane is present in every living organism including plants. Let’s discuss about important Difference between Cell Wall and Cell Membrane.
| CELL WALL | CELL MEMBRANE |
| Present only in plants and in some fungi, bacteria, algae. | Present in all types of cells, in humans, animals, plants, bacteria, etc. |
| It is the outermost part of the plant cell | It is the outermost covering the animal cells |
| It is made up of pectin, chitin, lignin, glycoproteins, glycolipids, sugar, and cellulose. | It is a lipid bilayer. And is composed of lipoproteins and carbohydrates. |
| The cell wall is 0.1 μm to several μm in thickness | The cell membrane is 7.5–10 nm in thickness |
| It is the thick and rigid structure with a fixed shape. | It is a thin and delicate structure. It is flexible to change the shape as needed. |
| It protects the cell from the external environment. | It protects and maintains the internal environment of the cell. |
| The cell wall is metabolically inactive | The cell membrane is metabolically active. |
| The cell wall grows in thickness over time. Further, it occupies the whole cell in the plant as the cell ages and dies. | It is of the same thickness for the lifetime of the organism. |
| The cell wall is fully permeable to smaller molecules with the size of 30-60 kDa. | The membrane is selectively permeable and controls the movement of the substance into and outside the cell. |
| Functions include protection from the external environment. | Functions include permeability, signal reception, motility conduction, cell division, sexual reproduction, etc. |
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