Composition of Nucleus – Class 12 | Chapter – 13 | Physics Short Notes Series PDF for NEET & JEE

Composition of Nucleus: The nucleus of an atom is composed of two types of particles: protons and neutrons. Protons are positively charged particles, while neutrons are neutral particles. The number of protons in the nucleus determines the element to which the atom belongs, while the number of neutrons can vary within a particular element, resulting in different isotopes of the same element.

Composition of Nucleus

The protons and neutrons are bound together in the nucleus by the strong nuclear force, which is one of the four fundamental forces of nature. This force is responsible for holding the nucleus together, despite the repulsive forces between the positively charged protons.

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus determines the atomic mass of the atom. The atomic mass is the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons in the nucleus. For example, the nucleus of a carbon-12 atom contains six protons and six neutrons, giving it an atomic mass of 12 atomic mass units.

The arrangement of the protons and neutrons within the nucleus is important for understanding the properties of different elements and isotopes. The stability of the nucleus is determined by the balance between the attractive strong nuclear force and the repulsive electromagnetic force between the positively charged protons. Nuclei that are unstable may undergo radioactive decay, in which they emit particles or radiation in order to become more stable.

In summary, the nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and neutrons, which are held together by the strong nuclear force. The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus determines the element and isotopes of the atom, and the arrangement of these particles is important for understanding the properties and behavior of different types of atoms.


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By Team Learning Mantras